بررسي روند تغييرات سطح آب و پوشش¬گياهي تالاب گاوخوني با استفاده از تصاوير ماهواره اي با هدف پايش تحقق نياز آبي زيست محيطي تالاب

Gavkhoni Wetland is one of Iran's wetlands and with an area of 417.7 square kilometers (the width varies up to 719 square kilometers) is located at the upper end of the Zayandeh River basin. This wetland is one of the most valuable wetlands registered in the Ramsar Convention and is of special importance for the region. Although this wetland has turned into a dry and waterless bed in its evolutionary process, human activities have accelerated this process and led to the destruction and early death of the wetland. In the past years, the water rights intended to preserve the wetland ecosystem have not been realized, and for this reason, the agricultural lands around this wetland have become dry and the dust from this place has increased. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate and recognize the important factors affecting the wetland ecosystem to prevent possible damages that may involve humans and the environment and cause many environmental hazards. In recent years, many researchers and enthusiasts have carried out studies on the environmental and hydroclimatic study of Gavakhuni lagoon in different time periods. Due to the fact that past researches in wetlands have usually been done annually, in this research shorter seasonal and monthly periods have been studied in the eva‎luations. The main goal of this research is to use satellite images to monitor the changes in the water level and vegetation cover of the wetland as the main indicators of meeting the water needs of the wetland environment. In this study, the water surface of Gavkhoni wetland during the years 1370 to 1400 was investigated using Landsat series satellite images. Extracted. In the current study, the extent to which the wetland's environmental needs were met was investigated, which indicates that the water rights of Gavkhoni Wetland have not been allocated in recent years, and this has caused the wetland environment to be at risk. In a part of the study, by examining the meteorological and hydrological drought indicators and identifying the dry and wet periods in the studied period, based on 366 monthly hydroclimatic data series and by using SPSS software, a relationship according to the variables of this study for pre The water surface analysis was presented, which can be used in wetland management and restoration planning. As a result of the analysis of satellite images, it was found that Gavkhoni wetland usually experienced its best condition in terms of water intake in winter and early spring. Also, the surveys showed that the area under investigation is very weak in terms of vegetation. The results showed that the inlet discharge to the wetland had a greater effect on the water level than the amount of precipitation in the wetland area. In this research, by examining the correlation between hydroclimatic values and water level in the wetland, it was determined that the best time to release water, in terms of durability and water level, is autumn. Based on the relationship obtained in this research, the amount of water level in the wetland was calculated and presented in different scenarios of water supply to the wetland

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